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Reading a lot lately about "red peppers".  Lots, actually almost all, peppers will turn red when fully ripe...jalapeno, Anaheim, Hatch, even green bell peppers.  I grow most of these at home.  I also grow "Italian Frying Peppers", long-ish Anaheim-shaped sweet peppers that (as their name implies) make outstanding fried peppers as side dishes, cold/marinated as salad/ on a sandwich.  They should be roasted over a flame, sweated, and skinned.  There is probably quite a difference between an Italian sweet pepper and a spicy Guajillo or Ancho, which also turn red when ripe.  BTW, green peppers do not become more mild as they ripen to red, at least in my garden experience. 

"Peppers" are the non-hot members of the Capsicum fruits. Chiles are the spicy ones.

Ditto for how EYB classifies "peppers"! The hot variety in EYB indexing are 'chiles' (with a 'chillies' spelling variation for every 'chiles' ingredient), and the sweet/non-hot variety are 'peppers' or 'bell peppers'. Sometimes a hot chile ingredient will also have a "peppers" variation associated with it if the ingredient is known as a "pepper" regardless of its heat. And you'll also find a few "capsicums" variations for good measure! 

Great info, folks.  Thanks.  I'll use my own judgement, ignore what the kid marking produce tags in the grocery store decides, and continue on my merry way.  I did make the mistake this spring of planting my seedling Italian Frying Peppers (sweet, labeled by the seed packet) right alongside the Anaheim "chilies".  Some chile rellenos were decided mild and some sliced sandwich peppers packed more of a wallop than anticipated.  Next time....divide and label!

LOL - I have done similar in the garden.

What makes me crazy is the yam/sweet potato thing in the store. They are ALL sweet potatoes, no matter what color - Yam is just a marketing name. True yams are grown in Africa and are in a completely different family. To further confuse things when looking for a recipe, I grow oca, (oxalis tuberosa) that someone decided to call New Zealand yam, and are just called yams sometimes down under. The things we call sweet potatoes, they call kumara. I run across that name when looking for recipes for my homegrown purple sweet potatoes - the purple ones are popular in Asia, New Zealand and Australia.